01: Blast Beach Introduction
– Coal extraction over the last century
– Permian rocks above Carboniferous rocks
– Glacial deposits from the last ice age
– Dumping of mining waste
15: Exploring Castle Eden Dene and the Changing Coastline
Journey through Durham Denes and Castle Eden Dene, learning about ice age origins and coastal regeneration. Flora, fauna, unique landscapes.
14: Changing Beach Landscape: From Rock Waste to Beach Rollover
Changing Beach Landscape: From Rock Waste to Beach Rollover
13: Geological Clues and Coastal Changes: Unravelling the Secrets of Blackhall’s Artificial Beach
Castle Eden Dene, geomorphology, artificial beach platform, Carboniferous rock waste, erosion, coastal processes.
12: Durham Coast: The Impact of Rock Waste Dumping and Unexpected Benefits
Durham’s infamous black features resulted from rock waste dumping, which unintentionally created habitats and slowed coastal erosion temporarily.
11: Beach Contrasts – Natural and Artificial Origins
Blackhall beach reveals natural and artificial features: pebbly foreshore from waves, upper beach with coal waste dumping remnants.
10: Northward from Blackhall Rocks: The Changing Beachscape
North from Blackhall Rocks, beach morphs due to historic coal waste. Rock waste platform reflects colliery dumping, aerial flights shaped coast.
09: Exploring Blackhall’s Boulder Conglomerate: Zechstein Cycle 1
North of Gin Cave, Zechstein Cycle 1’s impressive boulder conglomerate formed by intense wave reworking at the reef’s edge.
08: Gin Cave
The Gin Cave
07: Examining Blackhall’s Crinkly Beds: Ancient Cyanobacteria and Ripple Formation
Examining Blackhall’s Crinkly Beds: Ancient Cyanobacteria and Ripple Formation
